Comprehensive ADHD Pharmacotherapy Quick-Glance Matrix

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References

Clinical Practice Guidelines

• American Academy of Pediatrics. (2019). Clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents. Pediatrics, 144(4), Article e20192528. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2019-2528

• Barbaresi, W. J., Campbell, L., Diekroger, E. A., Froehlich, T. E., Liu, Y. H., O’Malley, E., Pelcro, J., Reiff, M. I., & Wolraich, M. L. (2020). Society for Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics clinical practice guideline for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with complex attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 41(Suppl 2S), S35–S57. https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000000770

• Barbaresi, W. J., Campbell, L., Diekroger, E. A., Froehlich, T. E., Liu, Y. H., O’Malley, E., Pelcro, J., Reiff, M. I., & Wolraich, M. L. (2020). The Society for Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics clinical practice guideline for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with complex attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Process of care algorithms. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 41(Suppl 2S), S58–S74. https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000000771

• National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. (2018). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Diagnosis and management (NICE Guideline NG87). https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng87

• Young, S., Absoud, M., Blackburn, C., Branney, P., Colley, B., Farrag, E., ... & Woodhouse, E. (2016). Guidelines for identification and treatment of individuals with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and associated fetal alcohol spectrum disorders based upon expert consensus. BMC Psychiatry, 16(1), Article 324. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-016-1027-y

Supporting Evidence, Safety Reviews, & Systematic Literature

• Faraone, S. V., Asherson, P., Banaschewski, T., Biederman, J., Buitelaar, J. K., Ramos-Quiroga, J. A., Rohde, L. A., Sonuga- Barke, E. J., Tannock, R., & Franke, B. (2015). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Nature Reviews Disease Primers, 1(1), Article 15020. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrdp.2015.20

• Farhat, L. C., Lannes, A., Del Giovane, C., Cortese, S., & Polanczyk, G. V. (2025). Comparative cardiovascular safety of medications for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children, adolescents, and adults: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. The Lancet Psychiatry, 12(2), 112–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(24)00388-7

• Feldman, H. M., & Reiff, M. I. (2014). Attention deficit–hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents. The New England Journal of Medicine, 370(9), 838–846. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMcp1307215

• Fusetto Veronesi, G., Tarantino, F., Pirolo, D., & Cortese, S. (2026). The evolving pharmacological landscape for paediatric and adult ADHD. CNS Drugs, 40(1), 15–32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-025-01140-1

• Harris, E. (2023). Long-term ADHD medications and cardiovascular disease risk. JAMA, 330(24), Article 2329. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2023.24580

• Hennissen, L., Bakker, M. J., Banaschewski, T., Carucci, S., Coghill, D., Danckaerts, M., Dittmann, R. W., Graham, J., Zuddas, A., & Buitelaar, J. K. (2017). Cardiovascular effects of stimulant and non-stimulant medication for children and adolescents with ADHD: A systematic review and meta-analysis of trials of methylphenidate, amphetamines and atomoxetine. CNS Drugs, 31(3), 199–215. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-017-0410-7

• Holt, A., Strange, J. E., Rasmussen, P. V., Blanche, P., Johnsen, S. P., Torp-Pedersen, C., & Lamberts, M. (2024). Long-term cardiovascular risk associated with treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 83(19), 1872–1882. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2024.03.393

• Katzman, M. A., Bilkey, T. S., Chokka, P. R., Fallu, A., & Klassen, L. J. (2017). Adult ADHD and comorbid disorders: Clinical implications of a dimensional approach. BMC Psychiatry, 17(1), Article 302. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-017-1463-3

• Loe, I. M., Kakar, P. A., & Sanders, L. M. (2021). Diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. JAMA Pediatrics, 175(12), 1278–1279. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.3003

• Martinez-Raga, J., Knecht, C., Szerman, N., & Martinez, M. I. (2013). Risk of serious cardiovascular problems with medications for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. CNS Drugs, 27(1), 15–30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-012-0019-9

• Olagunju, A. E., & Ghoddusi, F. (2024). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults. American Family Physician, 109(3), 245–254.

• Posner, J., Polanczyk, G. V., & Sonuga-Barke, E. (2020). Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. The Lancet, 395(10222), 450–462. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)33004-1

• Putukian, M., Kreher, J. B., Coppel, D. B., Glazer, J. L., Wisinski, J. A., & Sacco, M. K. (2011). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and the athlete: An American Medical Society for Sports Medicine position statement. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 21(5), 392–401. https://doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0b013e31822818a0

• Thapar, A., & Cooper, M. (2016). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The Lancet, 387(10024), 1240–1250. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00238-X

• Torres-Acosta, N., O'Keefe, J. H., O'Keefe, C. L., & Lavie, C. J. (2020). Cardiovascular effects of ADHD therapies: JACC review topic of the week. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 76(7), 858–866. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2020.06.040

• Van Vyve, L., Dierckx, B., Lim, C. G., Coghill, D., & Danckaerts, M. (2024). Pharmacotherapy for ADHD in children and adolescents: A summary and overview of different European guidelines. European Journal of Pediatrics, 183(2), 541–555. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-023-05321-4

• Yamaguchi, I., & Hanevold, C. (2019). Evaluation and management of elevated blood pressure in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Current Hypertension Reports, 21(11), Article 86. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11906-019-0992-0

• Young, H., Revet, A., Hagstrøm, J., Purper-Ouakil, D., & Cortese, S. (2026). Clinical practices in ADHD management across Europe: Findings from the ESCAP research academy survey. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 35(1), 89–101. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-025-02510-x

• Zhang, L., Li, L., Andell, P., Garcia-Argibay, M., Quinn, P. D., D'Onofrio, B. M., ... & Chang, Z. (2024). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder medications and long-term risk of cardiovascular diseases. JAMA Psychiatry, 81(2), 178–187. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.429